It was cornwallis who had to deal with warren hastings. This trial is popularly known as the judicial murder of raja nand kumar. Under hastingss term as governorgeneral, much administrative precedent set profoundly. It was the basis of all subsequent legislation for determining the form of indian government and is the first statute that recognizes the company to fulfil its functions other than that of trade. A precedent being discussed is that of the warren hastings case the famous failed attempt by the british parliament to impeach indias first governorgeneral. The son of a clergyman of the church of england, hastings was abandoned by.
Education through self help is our motto rayat shikshan sansthas ismailsaheb mulla law college satara indian legal history power point presentation 2. Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england early life. In warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. Reforms of warren hasting administrative reforms removal of deputy subedars. The original meaning of high crimes and misdemeanors. Prior to that, he had served as a resident of the east india company in murshidabad. Burkes writings and speeches, volume the ninth faculty of social. Historical background upto 1772 judicial reforms of warren hastings, 5. The company took over the responsibility of administration of the province and started to collect the revenue through the agency of its own servants.
The regulating act was passed in the british house of commons on 10 june in 1773. What are some of the administrative reforms made by warren. Hastings was accused of misconduct during his time in calcutta particularly relating to mismanagement and personal corruption. The impeachment trial of warren hastings lasted from 1788 until 1795. This administration of justice maybe studied in four stages. Warren hastings 17321818 was the first governorgeneral of british india. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george forrest full view 1892. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration lionel james trotter home. The son of a clergyman of the church of england, hastings was abandoned by his father at an early age. These reforms included the judicial reforms, revenue reforms. Hastings was the first governorgeneral of bengal and his trial had a formative impact on the british empire.
Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library. The east india company reimbursed his legal expenses of 71,000 pounds12 and voted him an annuity of 4,000 pounds a year and a loan of 50,000 pounds without interest. Warren hastings reforms can be categorized into four i. Bazar, then the commercial suburb of murat such a regulation of the traffic as. The trial for his impeachment was a widely popular public affair, prosecuted by famed politician edmund burke, and defended by sir william jones. The first anglomaratha war and the second anglomysore war. When warren hastings came to india in 1772 as the governorgeneral of the company he came with specific orders from the directors to abolish the dual government. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration.
Auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772 4. The trial of warren hastings university of tennessee. Warren hastings abolished dual system of government in bengal, which was established by robert cive. Estimate of warren hastings write a short note on warren hastings. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached. A biography of warren hastings by sir alfred lyall, k. After the india act of 1784, hastings was in an impossible position.
But during his short stay in calcutta the artist seems to have painted a good number of portraits. Trace the evolution of the system of administration in india from warren hastings to lord cornwallis. Cornwallis introduced some significant reforms in the sphere of judicial administration and tried to complete the unfinished work of warren hastings. He established the system of civil administration that was the basis of angloindian security and prosperity. To start with warren hastings realized the very fact that an impartial and regular administration of justice was extremely essential for creating conditions for a better collection of land revenue.
Describe critically the land revenue and judicial reforms of lord cornwallis. The regulating act of 1773 is a major landmark in the evolution of british administration in india. A comprehensive history of india is the product of a joint venture undertaken by a group of historians who do not go by conformist views but by critical, objective and analytical assessment of events and developments in accordance with the methodical discipline of scientific research. Warren hastings put an end to the dual system of government in bengal which was established by robert clive in 1765. Regulating act, act of settlement, pitts india act.
He was expected to use the administrative machinery of a commercial company to serve the political purposes of britain, the east india company and the welfare of the indian population. Development of adalat system during the time of warren hastings. It does not develop well enough the context of hastings rule, particularly regarding domestic administration, nor does it address re. But high crimes and misdemeanors arguably had a more precise and more familiar meaning drawn from longstanding english practice and usage. Development of adalat system during the time of warren. Candidates can also download the warren hastings notes pdf from the link given below. He introduced for the first time the principle of administration according to law.
Immediately after his taking charge as governor in bengal hastings drew up a plan for the judicial reforms, the aim of which was not to do away with the existing judicial machinery but to make it more. Sep 24, 2016 in warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. Warren hastings was the official governor of bengal under the authority of the british east india company between the years 1773 and 1784. Governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. Rohilkand was a small kingdom situated in between oudh and the marathas. Jan 23, 2020 donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. Warren hastings, first governor of india, warren hastings. Warren hastings frs 6 december 1732 22 august 1818, an english statesman, was the. Towards the end of indian career of warren hastings, there began a good deal of criticism in england of his highhandedness in administration.
Jun 01, 2011 warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time. That the said warren hastings, in direct disobedience to the said positive. The defects of plan of 1772 was apprehended not only by warren hastings but also by the company director who asked the governor and council to withdraw the collectors and search for an alternate arrangements and thus the calcutta government went on to implement the new plan for collection of revenue and administration of justice on november 23. The bribery of warren hastings scholarly commons at hofstra law. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes the rohilla war 1774 1. List of various reforms introduced by warren hastings. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on.
Abolished dual system 17671772 of administration 1772 3. He did not only give and receive bribes accidentally. Comprehensive essay on british administration in india. The regulating act of india 1773 regulating act, 1773 was the first parliamentary ratification, codification, confirmation, justification or authorization defining the powers and responsibilities of the various organs of the east india company including its territorial control over bengal. Recall that blackstone had classed as a high misdemeanor the mal administration of high officers of government. Sannyasi and fakir rebellion in bihar 17671800 ananda bhattacharya abstract the sannyasi and fakir rebellion is an important episode in the early colonial rule in bengal. Warren hastings, appointed to succeed cartier in the chair of. The impeachment and trial of warren hastings, which began in 1787 and concluded with the acquittal of the former governorgeneral in 1795, brought unprecedented attention to indian affairs in britain. Warren hastings was born at daylesford, in worcestershire, in december, 1732.
Warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time. The setting of a standard for integrity in administration john t. He was the real builder of the modern indian administrative system. It was the first step to regulate machinery of administration of justice and the plan being a landmark in the ial history become famous as warren hastings plan of 1772. In this lesson ashna talks about warren hastings reforms in administrative system and in the land revenue system. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. Warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818. Part 9 indian legal history judicial plan of warren. Abolished dual system17671772 of administration 1772 auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772. The impeachment of warren hastings was a failed attempt between 1788 and 1795 to impeach the first governorgeneral of bengal in the parliament of great britain.
The reforms of lord cornwallis 17861793 and cornwallis code. Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. The state of the administration in bengal, before the passing of lord norths act of. Warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts. In this video i have talked about the reforms undertaken by lord warren hastings after becoming the governor general of bengal. This paper work views the various reforms made by warren hastings during his time in india. The supreme head of the administration was the governorgeneral.
In 1772, the company appointed warren hastings as the governor of fort william. In each district an english servant of the company was appointed as collector who was to be responsible for the collection of land revenue. Feb 24, 2018 in this video i have talked about the reforms undertaken by lord warren hastings after becoming the governor general of bengal. The company took the responsibility of the administration of the province. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of. By his time the company had acquired power not only in bengal, but also in bombay and madras. The bribery of warren hastings guilty on any count. Warren hastings 17321818 modern indian history notes for upsc. The governorgeneralship of lord cornwallis 17861793 constitutes a very remarkable and a highly creative period in indian legal history.
In 1787, he was accused of corruption and impeached in 1787, but after a long trial acquitted in 1795. Warren hastings, the first governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. Donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes. In 1761, he was in the british council of calcutta, so was well versed with the affairs of india. Warren hastings an essay by thomas babington macaulay october 1841 memoirs of the life of warren hastings, first governorgeneral of bengal.
Chiara rolli shows that in an age when british education consisted mainly of classical studies, it was antique views of rhetoric and imperial governance that permeated the trial. The substituted language was a reasonably close substitute for mal administration. Warren hastings 1841, an essay by thomas babington macaulay. Jan 16, 2015 these were the conditions to which warren hastings was introduced and given the task of devising a new legal system, which ultimately came to be known as the adalat system. Robert clive was the first governor of fort william under the companys rule. Reforms brought by lord cornwallis history discussion. His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell. Governor and president of fort wilham, arrived at calcutta, about the 2oth of february 1772, but it. Warren hastings introduced the new judicial administration system as well as a revenue collection system in the year 1772 it laid the foundation of adalat system. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of adalat. This is a historically significant trial because later on this trial became a major ground for the impeachment of governor general warren hastings and chief justice impey of the supreme court of calcutta, by the house of commons, after they returned to england. The reforms which he brought about in different fields of administration were as follows.
The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir. He was a gifted personality endowed with strong will, great energy and resourcefulness. Part 9 indian legal history judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 and 1774 reality views by sm 1. Read this article to learn about the impeachment and estimate of warren hastings. The company took the responsibility of the administration. The rebellion started 1750 onwards but took a violent turn since 1773 when warren hastings assumed the governorgeneralship of bengal. Hastings, warren 17321818, governorgeneral of india, born at.
Contribution of warren hastings in the indian administration. Warren hastings carried out reforms in several fields of administration. His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell 2. Warren hastings 1732 1818 became the first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal in 1772 and the first governorgeneral of bengal in 1774 till he resigned in 1785. Warren hastings and british sovereign authority in bengal, 177480. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773. By contrast, bernstein constantly seeks to make the material of his sub. He abolished dual government in bengal, assumed direct responsibility of diwani and took away the right of nizamat as well from the hands of the nawab. Judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts.
Warren hastings was known for his expansionist policy. Warren hastings british colonial administrator britannica. Warren hastings reforms judicial, revenue, commercial. During his period number of revenue districts was reduced from 35 to 23 in the presidency of bengal. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773 1. Reforms of warren hastings when warren hastings assumed the administration of bengal in 1772, he found it in. Oct 26, 2015 warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. Warren hastings governorgeneral from 1773 to 1785 was one of the many important figures who played a significant role in the expansion of company power. Edmund burke and the trial of warren hastings springerlink. Under warren hastings the administration at the top was over hauled and the foundations for the new system based on the english pattern laid.
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